Learning guide
How to Cite Sources in IEEE Style
IEEE references are numbered in the order they are cited. Author initials precede surnames and reference numbers appear in square brackets.
Method
- Choose the reference number used in your paper.
- Enter authors in the same order as the source.
- Add source title, publication details and page range.
- Include DOI or online availability information when applicable.
Worked example
A journal article begins with [n] and abbreviated given-name initials before each surname.
A book uses author initials and surname, italicized title, edition, publisher and year.
Notes
- IEEE lists all authors up to six.
- With more than six, use the primary author followed by et al.
- Venue-specific IEEE instructions can override general guidance.